Monday, January 12, 2009

The Sewing Machine: Hunt Or Howe

By Donna Trumble

The events that led to the invention of the sewing machine, are often debated among sewing enthusiasts. After reading several historical accounts, I can understand the challenges. Who invented the sewing machine? Howe, Singer, or somebody else? After sorting through dozens of accounts, here is a glimpse of sewing history.

The patent filed by Elias Howe in 1846 certified the first practical sewing machine.

The machine he patented was designed to achieve a locked stitch by passing thread on a curved needle through fabric and wrapping that thread around a shuttle carrying a second thread.

The new invention revolutionized the sewing world. Previously, ever stitch had been done my hand. Now the 250 stitch per minute machine could match five of the best hand sewers and win every time.

It was joked that Elias Howe was not actually the inventor of the sewing machine. Some said it was actually his wife. She got so upset with her husband that one day she made up her mind and in two hours invented the sewing machine. Elias, however, filed the patent taking credit for everything. (Russel Conwell, 1877).

We will never know the truth about exactly how it was done, but difficulties marketing the device and struggles over patent rights drained the Howe family of even greater success.

Others were watching and adapting. Isaac Singer (1811-1875) invented a mechanism that moved up and down. Allen Wilson originated a rotary hook shuttle.

Quickly, Isaac Singer led the pack. He produced the first profitable sewing machine with a needle that moved up and down. Unlike many of his competitors how used hand crank drive devices, Singer introduced a sewing machine powered by a foot driven treadle device.

Elias Howe was not alone even from the start. Another inventor, Walter Hunt had already ten years earlier produced a lockstitch machine using two thread very similar to Howes. Unfortunately, Hunt never filed a patent. Also when local workers heard of Hunts invention, they panic fearing wide spread unemployment among garment workers. Hunt had abandoned his pursuits, but ended up later being sued for patent infringement by Howe.

Seemingly endless legal battles ensued over patent infringements. In spite of winning the court battle (1854), Elias Howe largely lost the marketing battle.

Elias Howe was certainly successful with his invention of the sewing machine. Earning about two million dollars, he became a wealthy man, but the potential of his invention was realized far more by his competitors.

Isaac Singer continued to improve on the sewing machine and market his own Singer sewing machine. Singer became a household name, and even today remains the best known brand of sewing machines.

It is always inspiring to think back to the days of invention and the challenges that shook their world. Certainly, the invention of the sewing machine has blessed us all richly. Perhaps we should honor all who contributed to this amazing gift to our world " Walter Hunt, Elias Howe, Isaac Singer. Three cheers for all of them. - 14915

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